PyMongo集合操作

批量执行写操作

bulk_write(requests, ordered=True, bypass_document_validation=False)

使用列表的形式将请求发送给服务器：

>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
...     print(doc)
...
{u'x': 1, u'_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634ef')}
{u'x': 1, u'_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634f0')}
>>> # DeleteMany, UpdateOne, and UpdateMany are also available.
...
>>> from pymongo import InsertOne, DeleteOne, ReplaceOne
>>> requests = [InsertOne({'y': 1}), DeleteOne({'x': 1}),
...             ReplaceOne({'w': 1}, {'z': 1}, upsert=True)]
>>> result = db.test.bulk_write(requests)
>>> result.inserted_count
1
>>> result.deleted_count
1
>>> result.modified_count
0
>>> result.upserted_ids
{2: ObjectId('54f62ee28891e756a6e1abd5')}
>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
...     print(doc)
...
{u'x': 1, u'_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634f0')}
{u'y': 1, u'_id': ObjectId('54f62ee2fba5226811f634f1')}
{u'z': 1, u'_id': ObjectId('54f62ee28891e756a6e1abd5')}

插入单个文档

insert_one(document, bypass_document_validation=False)

>>> db.test.count({'x': 1})
0
>>> result = db.test.insert_one({'x': 1})
>>> result.inserted_id
ObjectId('54f112defba522406c9cc208')
>>> db.test.find_one({'x': 1})
{u'x': 1, u'_id': ObjectId('54f112defba522406c9cc208')}

插入多个文档

insert_many(documents, ordered=True, bypass_document_validation=False)

>>> db.test.count()
0
>>> result = db.test.insert_many([{'x': i} for i in range(2)])
>>> result.inserted_ids
[ObjectId('54f113fffba522406c9cc20e'), ObjectId('54f113fffba522406c9cc20f')]
>>> db.test.count()
2

替换某个文档

replace_one(filter, replacement, upsert=False, bypass_document_validation=False)

>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
...     print(doc)
...
{u'x': 1, u'_id': ObjectId('54f4c5befba5220aa4d6dee7')}
>>> result = db.test.replace_one({'x': 1}, {'y': 1})
>>> result.matched_count
1
>>> result.modified_count
1
>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
...     print(doc)
...
{u'y': 1, u'_id': ObjectId('54f4c5befba5220aa4d6dee7')}

如果设置upsert为True的话，当没有找到匹配文档的时候，会直接插入新的文档。

>>> result = db.test.replace_one({'x': 1}, {'x': 1}, True)
>>> result.matched_count
0
>>> result.modified_count
0
>>> result.upserted_id
ObjectId('54f11e5c8891e756a6e1abd4')
>>> db.test.find_one({'x': 1})
{u'x': 1, u'_id': ObjectId('54f11e5c8891e756a6e1abd4')}

更新某个文档

update_one(filter, update, upsert=False, bypass_document_validation=False)

>>> for doc in db.test.find():
...     print(doc)
...
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 0}
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 1}
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 2}
>>> result = db.test.update_one({'x': 1}, {'$inc': {'x': 3}})
>>> result.matched_count
1
>>> result.modified_count
1
>>> for doc in db.test.find():
...     print(doc)
...
{u'x': 4, u'_id': 0}
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 1}
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 2}

同样的，如果upsert为True的话，匹配文档不存在的时候会直接创建新的文档。

更新多个文档

update_many(filter, update, upsert=False, bypass_document_validation=False)

同时更新多个满足匹配条件的文档

>>> for doc in db.test.find():
...     print(doc)
...
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 0}
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 1}
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 2}
>>> result = db.test.update_many({'x': 1}, {'$inc': {'x': 3}})
>>> result.matched_count
3
>>> result.modified_count
3
>>> for doc in db.test.find():
...     print(doc)
...
{u'x': 4, u'_id': 0}
{u'x': 4, u'_id': 1}
{u'x': 4, u'_id': 2}

删除单个文档

delete_one(filter)

>>> db.test.count({'x': 1})
3
>>> result = db.test.delete_one({'x': 1})
>>> result.deleted_count
1
>>> db.test.count({'x': 1})
2

删除多个文档

*delete_many(filter)

>>> db.test.count({'x': 1})
3
>>> result = db.test.delete_many({'x': 1})
>>> result.deleted_count
3
>>> db.test.count({'x': 1})
0

查询文档

>>> db.test.find({"hello": "world"})

查询单个文档

使用find_one()进行查询，如果找到则返回，如果没找到则返回None。

>>> find_one(max_time_ms=100)

查询某个文档并执行删除操作

find_one_and_delete(filter, projection=None, sort=None, **kwargs)

返回查询到的文档

>>> db.test.count({'x': 1})
2
>>> db.test.find_one_and_delete({'x': 1})
{u'x': 1, u'_id': ObjectId('54f4e12bfba5220aa4d6dee8')}
>>> db.test.count({'x': 1})
1

查询某个文档并将其替换成新文档

find_one_and_replace()

>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
...     print(doc)
...
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 0}
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 1}
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 2}
>>> db.test.find_one_and_replace({'x': 1}, {'y': 1})
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 0}
>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
...     print(doc)
...
{u'y': 1, u'_id': 0}
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 1}
{u'x': 1, u'_id': 2}

查询某个文档并进行更新

find_one_and_update()

>>> db.test.find_one_and_update(
...    {'_id': 665}, {'$inc': {'count': 1}, '$set': {'done': True}})
{u'_id': 665, u'done': False, u'count': 25}}

如果upsert设置为True，则当匹配文档不存在的时候，创建新的文档。

>>> db.example.delete_many({}).deleted_count
1
>>> db.example.find_one_and_update(
...     {'_id': 'userid'},
...     {'$inc': {'seq': 1}},
...     projection={'seq': True, '_id': False},
...     upsert=True,
...     return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER)
{u'seq': 1}